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Creating a BLE application for ESP32 with React Native

by | 11 Mar 2024 | Tutorials | 0 comments

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We’re going to look at how to create a React Native application for Adnroid that enables BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) communication with an ESP32. We’ll be using React Native to develop a BLE terminal on Android for communication with an ESP32 NodeMCU or other compatible devices.

Hardware

  • A computer with React Native and Node.js installed
  • An Android device with BLE
  • A USB cable to connect the computer to the device
  • A BLE device (ESP32)

BLE management code for ESP32

To test the React Native application, we’re going to use the BLE management code for ESP32.

/*
    Based on Neil Kolban example for IDF: https://github.com/nkolban/esp32-snippets/blob/master/cpp_utils/tests/BLE%20Tests/SampleWrite.cpp
    Ported to Arduino ESP32 by Evandro Copercini
*/

#include <BLEDevice.h>
#include <BLEUtils.h>
#include <BLEServer.h>

// See the following for generating UUIDs:
// https://www.uuidgenerator.net/

#define SERVICE_UUID        "4fafc201-1fb5-459e-8fcc-c5c9c331914b"
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID "beb5483e-36e1-4688-b7f5-ea07361b26a8"

BLECharacteristic *pCharacteristic = NULL;

std::string msg;

class MyCallbacks: public BLECharacteristicCallbacks {
    void onWrite(BLECharacteristic *pCharacteristic) {
      std::string value = pCharacteristic->getValue();

      if (value.length() > 0) {
        Serial.println("*********");
        Serial.print("New value: ");
        for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++)
          Serial.print(value[i]);

        Serial.println();
        Serial.println("*********");
      }
    }
};

class MyServerCallbacks: public BLEServerCallbacks {
  void onConnect(BLEServer* pServer) {
    Serial.println("Client connected");
  }
  void onDisconnect(BLEServer* pServer) {
    Serial.println("Client disconnected");
    BLEDevice::startAdvertising(); // needed for reconnection
  }
};

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);

  Serial.println("1- Download and install an BLE Terminal Free");
  Serial.println("2- Scan for BLE devices in the app");
  Serial.println("3- Connect to ESP32BLE");
  Serial.println("4- Go to CUSTOM CHARACTERISTIC in CUSTOM SERVICE and write something");

  BLEDevice::init("ESP32BLE");
  BLEServer *pServer = BLEDevice::createServer();
  pServer->setCallbacks(new MyServerCallbacks());
  
  BLEService *pService = pServer->createService(SERVICE_UUID);

  pCharacteristic = pService->createCharacteristic(
                                         CHARACTERISTIC_UUID,
                                         BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_READ |
                                         BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_WRITE
                                       );

  pCharacteristic->setCallbacks(new MyCallbacks());

  pCharacteristic->setValue("Hello World");
  pService->start();

  BLEAdvertising *pAdvertising = pServer->getAdvertising();
  pAdvertising->addServiceUUID(SERVICE_UUID);
  pAdvertising->setScanResponse(true);
  pAdvertising->setMinPreferred(0x06);  // functions that help with iPhone connections issue
  pAdvertising->setMinPreferred(0x12);
  pAdvertising->start();

  Serial.print("Server address:");
  Serial.println(BLEDevice::getAddress().toString().c_str());
}

void loop() {
  readSerialPort();

  //Send data to slave
  if(msg!=""){
    pCharacteristic->setValue(msg);
    msg="";
  }
  
  delay(2000);
}

void readSerialPort(){
 while (Serial.available()) {
   delay(10);  
   if (Serial.available() >0) {
     char c = Serial.read();  //gets one byte from serial buffer
     msg += c; //add to String
   }
 }
 Serial.flush(); //clean buffer
}

We add the BLEServerCallbacks function to the BLE Server management to detect the disconnection and start advertising to reconnect the ESP32.

  pServer->setCallbacks(new MyServerCallbacks());

React Native application for BLE management

To manage BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) communication on the Android device, we use the react-native-ble-manager library

npm install react-native-ble-manager --save

To set up the application project, follow the previous tutorial.

In the App.tsx file, to use the library we import it using the command

import BleManager from 'react-native-ble-manager';

We create a functional component that will contain the elements needed to manage BLE communication.

let serviceid="4fafc201-1fb5-459e-8fcc-c5c9c331914b";
let caracid="beb5483e-36e1-4688-b7f5-ea07361b26a8";

const BluetoothBLETerminal = () =>  {
 const [devices, setDevices] = useState<any[]>([]);
 const [paired, setPaired] = useState<any[]>([]);
 const [selectedDevice, setSelectedDevice] = useState<Peripheral>();
 const [messageToSend, setMessageToSend] = useState("");
 const [receivedMessage, setReceivedMessage] = useState("");
 const [isConnected, setIsConnected] = useState(false);
 const [intervalId, setIntervalId] = useState<NodeJS.Timer>();
 const [isScanning, setIsScanning] = useState(false);

N.B.: it is possible to create a component derived from ReactNative.Components

Permission management

To discover and connect to Bluetooth devices, you need at least 3 permissions:

  • BLUETOOTH_SCAN
  • BLUETOOTH_CONNECT
  • ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION

N.B.: these permissions depend on the version and OS used.

Here are the tags to add to the AndroidManifest.xml file

  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

In the App.tsx file, we create the requestBluetoothPermission() function

    if (Platform.OS === 'android' && Platform.Version >= 23) {
  
        PermissionsAndroid.requestMultiple([
          PermissionsAndroid.PERMISSIONS.BLUETOOTH_SCAN,
          PermissionsAndroid.PERMISSIONS.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT,
          PermissionsAndroid.PERMISSIONS.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
        ]).then(result => {
          if (
            (result['android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN'] &&
            result['android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT'] &&
            result['android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION'] === 'granted')
            ||
            (result['android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN'] &&
            result['android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT'] &&
            result['android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION'] === 'never_ask_again')
          ) {
            console.log('User accepted');
          } else {
            console.log('User refused');        }
        });
    }

BLE management function

Bluetooth LE management functions are as follows:

  • discover bluetooth devices startDeviceDiscovery() (I use paired devices)
  • connect to device connectToDevice()
  • disconnectFromDevice()
  • send messages sendMessage()
  • read messages from the readData() communication

N.B.: In this example, we write to and read from the same characteristic. We therefore read the value recorded by pressing the

const checkBluetoothEnabled = async () => {
   try {
         // turn on bluetooth if it is not on
   BleManager.enableBluetooth().then(() => {
     console.log('Bluetooth is turned on!');
   });
     
   } catch (error) {
     console.error('BLE is not available on this device.');
   }
 }
 
 const startScan = () => {
  if (!isScanning) {
    BleManager.scan([], 5, true)
      .then(() => {
        console.log('Scanning...');
        setIsScanning(true);
      })
      .catch(error => {
        console.error(error);
      });
  }
};

 const startDeviceDiscovery = async () => {

  BleManager.getBondedPeripherals().then((bondedPeripheralsArray) => {
    // Each peripheral in returned array will have id and name properties
    console.log("Bonded peripherals: " + bondedPeripheralsArray.length);
    setPaired(bondedPeripheralsArray);
  });

  /*BleManager.getDiscoveredPeripherals().then((peripheralsArray) => {
    // Success code
    console.log("Discovered peripherals: " + peripheralsArray.length);
  });*/
 }

 const connectToDevice = async (device: Peripheral) => {
 BleManager.connect(device.id)
     .then(() => {
     // Success code
     console.log("Connected");
     setSelectedDevice(device);
     setIsConnected(true);
     BleManager.retrieveServices(device.id).then(
       (deviceInfo) => {
       // Success code
       console.log("Device info:", deviceInfo);
       }
     );


     })
     .catch((error) => {
     // Failure code
     console.log(error);
     });
 }


const sendMessage = async () => {
 if(selectedDevice && isConnected){
   try {

    const buffer = Buffer.from(messageToSend);
    BleManager.write(
      selectedDevice.id,
      serviceid,
      caracid,
      buffer.toJSON().data
    ).then(() => {
      // Success code
      console.log("Write: " + buffer.toJSON().data);
    })
    .catch((error) => {
      // Failure code
      console.log(error);
    });
     
   } catch (error) {
     console.error('Error sending message:', error);
   }
 }
}


const readData = async () => {  
 if (selectedDevice && isConnected) {
    BleManager.read(
      selectedDevice.id,
      serviceid,
      caracid
    )
      .then((readData) => {
        // Success code
        console.log("Read: " + readData);
        const message = Buffer.from(readData);
        //const sensorData = buffer.readUInt8(1, true);
        if(receivedMessage.length>300){
          setReceivedMessage(""); //reset received message if length higher than 300
        }
        setReceivedMessage(receivedMessage => receivedMessage + message +"\n" );
        console.log("receivedMessage length",receivedMessage.length)
      })
      .catch((error) => {
        // Failure code
        console.log("Error reading message:",error);
      });
 }
}

 // disconnect from device
 const disconnectFromDevice = (device: Peripheral) => {
   BleManager.disconnect(device.id)
   .then(() => {
        setSelectedDevice(undefined);
        setIsConnected(false);
        setReceivedMessage("");
        clearInterval(intervalId);
        console.log("Disconnected from device");
   })
   .catch((error) => {
     // Failure code
     console.log("Error disconnecting:",error);
   });
 };

The screen rendering function

For the display, we choose to put everything on the same screen. There will be :

  • A title
  • La liste des appareils qui n’apparait que si on n’est pas connecté (!isConnected &&)
  • Un encart type terminal de communication qui n’apparait que si on est connecté (selectedDevice && isConnected &&)
    • TextInput to write the message to be sent messageToSend
    • A send button
    • A play button
    • A text box to display receivedMessage
    • A disconnect button
    return (
      <View>
      <Text
            style={{
              fontSize: 30,
              textAlign: 'center',
              borderBottomWidth: 1,
            }}>
            AC Bluetooth Terminal
          </Text>
        <ScrollView>

          {!isConnected && (
          <>
          {/*
          <Text>Available Devices:</Text>
          {devices.map((device) => (
            <Button
              key={device.id}
              title={device.name || 'Unnamed Device'}
              onPress={() => this.connectToDevice(device)}
            />
          ))}
          */}
          <Text>Paired Devices:</Text>
          {paired.map((pair: BluetoothDevice) => (
                      <View
                      style={{
                        flexDirection: 'row',
                        justifyContent: 'space-between',
                        marginBottom: 2,
                      }}>
                      <View style={styles.deviceItem}>
                        <Text style={styles.deviceName}>{pair.name}</Text>
                        <Text style={styles.deviceInfo}>{pair.id}</Text>
                      </View>
                      <TouchableOpacity
                        onPress={() =>
                          isConnected
                            ?  disconnect()
                            :  connectToDevice(pair)
                        }
                        style={styles.deviceButton}>
                        <Text
                          style={[
                            styles.scanButtonText,
                            {fontWeight: 'bold', fontSize: 12},
                          ]}>
                          {isConnected ? 'Disconnect' : 'Connect'}
                        </Text>
                      </TouchableOpacity>
                    </View>
          ))}
          </>  
          )}
          {selectedDevice && isConnected && (
            <>
              <View
                      style={{
                        flexDirection: 'row',
                        justifyContent: 'space-between',
                        margin: 5,
                      }}>
                      <View style={styles.deviceItem}>
                        <Text style={styles.deviceName}>{selectedDevice.name}</Text>
                        <Text style={styles.deviceInfo}>{selectedDevice.id}</Text>
                      </View>
                      <TouchableOpacity
                        onPress={() =>
                          isConnected
                            ?  disconnect()
                            :  connectToDevice(selectedDevice)
                        }
                        style={styles.deviceButton}>
                        <Text
                          style={styles.scanButtonText}>
                          {isConnected ? 'Disconnect' : 'Connect'}
                        </Text>
                      </TouchableOpacity>
                    </View>

          <View
              style={{
                flexDirection: 'row',
                justifyContent: 'space-between',
                margin: 5,
              }}>        
              <TextInput
                style={{
                  backgroundColor: '#888888',
                  margin: 2,
                  borderRadius: 15,
                  flex:3,
                  }}
                placeholder="Enter a message"
                value={messageToSend}
                onChangeText={(text) => setMessageToSend(text )}
              />
              <TouchableOpacity
                        onPress={() => sendMessage()
                        }
                        style={[styles.sendButton]}>
                        <Text
                          style={[
                            styles.scanButtonText,
                          ]}>
                          SEND
                        </Text>
                      </TouchableOpacity>
        </View>
              <Text>Received Message:</Text>
              <TextInput
              editable = {false}
              multiline
              numberOfLines={20}
              maxLength={100}
                style={{
                  backgroundColor: '#333333',
                  margin: 10,
                  borderRadius: 2,
                  borderWidth: 1,
                  borderColor: '#EEEEEE',
                  textAlignVertical: 'top',
                  }} >
                    {receivedMessage}
              </TextInput>
              
            </>
          )}
        </ScrollView>
      </View>
    );

Results

As pairing is not handled by the application, the ESP32 must be paired before using the application. Once the code has been loaded onto the ESP32, you can launch the application on the phone using the command

npx react-native start

Complete code for the React Native application

/**
* Sample React Native App
* https://github.com/facebook/react-native
*
* @format
* https://github.com/innoveit/react-native-ble-manager
* https://blog.logrocket.com/using-react-native-ble-manager-mobile-app/
*/



import React, {useState, useEffect} from 'react';
import {   
  StyleSheet,
  Dimensions,
  View, 
  ScrollView, 
  Text,
  TextInput,
  PermissionsAndroid,
  TouchableOpacity,
  Platform} from 'react-native';
import BleManager,{Peripheral} from 'react-native-ble-manager';
import { Buffer } from 'buffer';

let serviceid="4fafc201-1fb5-459e-8fcc-c5c9c331914b";
let caracid="beb5483e-36e1-4688-b7f5-ea07361b26a8";

const BluetoothBLETerminal = () =>  {
 const [devices, setDevices] = useState<any[]>([]);
 const [paired, setPaired] = useState<any[]>([]);
 const [selectedDevice, setSelectedDevice] = useState<Peripheral>();
 const [messageToSend, setMessageToSend] = useState("");
 const [receivedMessage, setReceivedMessage] = useState("");
 const [isConnected, setIsConnected] = useState(false);
 const [intervalId, setIntervalId] = useState<NodeJS.Timer>();
 const [isScanning, setIsScanning] = useState(false);

 const checkBluetoothEnabled = async () => {
   try {
         // turn on bluetooth if it is not on
   BleManager.enableBluetooth().then(() => {
     console.log('Bluetooth is turned on!');
   });
     
   } catch (error) {
     console.error('BLE is not available on this device.');
   }
 }
 
 const startScan = () => {
  if (!isScanning) {
    BleManager.scan([], 5, true)
      .then(() => {
        console.log('Scanning...');
        setIsScanning(true);
      })
      .catch(error => {
        console.error(error);
      });
  }
};

 const startDeviceDiscovery = async () => {

  BleManager.getBondedPeripherals().then((bondedPeripheralsArray) => {
    // Each peripheral in returned array will have id and name properties
    console.log("Bonded peripherals: " + bondedPeripheralsArray.length);
    setPaired(bondedPeripheralsArray);
  });

  /*BleManager.getDiscoveredPeripherals().then((peripheralsArray) => {
    // Success code
    console.log("Discovered peripherals: " + peripheralsArray.length);
  });*/
 }

 const connectToDevice = async (device: Peripheral) => {
 BleManager.connect(device.id)
     .then(() => {
     // Success code
     console.log("Connected");
     setSelectedDevice(device);
     setIsConnected(true);
     BleManager.retrieveServices(device.id).then(
       (deviceInfo) => {
       // Success code
       console.log("Device info:", deviceInfo);
       }
     );


     })
     .catch((error) => {
     // Failure code
     console.log(error);
     });
 }


const sendMessage = async () => {
 if(selectedDevice && isConnected){
   try {

    const buffer = Buffer.from(messageToSend);
    BleManager.write(
      selectedDevice.id,
      serviceid,
      caracid,
      buffer.toJSON().data
    ).then(() => {
      // Success code
      console.log("Write: " + buffer.toJSON().data);
    })
    .catch((error) => {
      // Failure code
      console.log(error);
    });
     
   } catch (error) {
     console.error('Error sending message:', error);
   }
 }
}


const readData = async () => {  
 if (selectedDevice && isConnected) {
    BleManager.read(
      selectedDevice.id,
      serviceid,
      caracid
    )
      .then((readData) => {
        // Success code
        console.log("Read: " + readData);
        const message = Buffer.from(readData);
        //const sensorData = buffer.readUInt8(1, true);
        if(receivedMessage.length>300){
          setReceivedMessage("");
        }
        setReceivedMessage(receivedMessage => receivedMessage + message +"\n" );
        console.log("receivedMessage length",receivedMessage.length)
      })
      .catch((error) => {
        // Failure code
        console.log("Error reading message:",error);
      });
 }
}

/*useEffect(() => {
 let intervalId: string | number | NodeJS.Timer | undefined;
 if (selectedDevice && isConnected) {
   intervalId = setInterval(() => readData(), 100);
   setIntervalId(intervalId);
 }
 return () => {
   clearInterval(intervalId);
 };
}, [isConnected,selectedDevice]);*/

 // disconnect from device
 const disconnectFromDevice = (device: Peripheral) => {
   BleManager.disconnect(device.id)
   .then(() => {
        setSelectedDevice(undefined);
        setIsConnected(false);
        setReceivedMessage("");
        clearInterval(intervalId);
        console.log("Disconnected from device");
   })
   .catch((error) => {
     // Failure code
     console.log("Error disconnecting:",error);
   });
   
   /*BleManager.removeBond(peripheral.id)
     .then(() => {
       peripheral.connected = false;
       peripherals.set(peripheral.id, peripheral);
       setConnectedDevices(Array.from(peripherals.values()));
       setDiscoveredDevices(Array.from(peripherals.values()));
       Alert.alert(`Disconnected from ${peripheral.name}`);
     })
     .catch(() => {
       console.log('fail to remove the bond');
     });*/



 };
 
 
 useEffect(() => {

    checkBluetoothEnabled();

    if (Platform.OS === 'android' && Platform.Version >= 23) {
  
        PermissionsAndroid.requestMultiple([
          PermissionsAndroid.PERMISSIONS.BLUETOOTH_SCAN,
          PermissionsAndroid.PERMISSIONS.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT,
          PermissionsAndroid.PERMISSIONS.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
        ]).then(result => {
          if (
            (result['android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN'] &&
            result['android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT'] &&
            result['android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION'] === 'granted')
            ||
            (result['android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN'] &&
            result['android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT'] &&
            result['android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION'] === 'never_ask_again')
          ) {
            console.log('User accepted');
          } else {
            console.log('User refused');        }
        });

    }

    BleManager.start({showAlert: false}).then(() => {
      console.log('BleManager initialized');
      startDeviceDiscovery();
    }).catch((error) => {
      // Failure code
      console.log("Error requesting permission:",error);
    });
   
BleManager.checkState().then((state) =>
   console.log(`current BLE state = '${state}'.`)
 );

 BleManager.getConnectedPeripherals([]).then((peripheralsArray) => {
   // Success code
   console.log("Connected peripherals: " + peripheralsArray.length);
 });

 BleManager.getBondedPeripherals().then((bondedPeripheralsArray) => {
   // Each peripheral in returned array will have id and name properties
   console.log("Bonded peripherals: " + bondedPeripheralsArray.length);
   //setBoundedDevices(bondedPeripheralsArray);
 });

 BleManager.getDiscoveredPeripherals().then((peripheralsArray) => {
   // Success code
   console.log("Discovered peripherals: " + peripheralsArray.length);
 });

 /*let stopDiscoverListener = BleManagerEmitter.addListener(
   'BleManagerDiscoverPeripheral',
   peripheral => {
     peripherals.set(peripheral.id, peripheral);
   },
 );*/

 /*let stopConnectListener = BleManagerEmitter.addListener(
   'BleManagerConnectPeripheral',
   peripheral => {
     console.log('BleManagerConnectPeripheral:', peripheral);
     peripherals.set(peripheral.id, peripheral);
     setConnectedDevices(Array.from(peripherals.values()));
   },
 );*/

 /*let stopScanListener = BleManagerEmitter.addListener(
   'BleManagerStopScan',
   () => {
     setIsScanning(false);
     console.log('scan stopped');
     BleManager.getDiscoveredPeripherals().then((peripheralsArray) => {
       // Success code
       console.log("Discovered peripherals: " + peripheralsArray.length);
       for (let i = 0; i < peripheralsArray.length; i++) {
         let peripheral = peripheralsArray[i];
         console.log("item:", peripheral);
         //peripheral.connected = true;
         peripherals.set(peripheral.id, peripheral);
         setDiscoveredDevices(peripheralsArray);
       }

       
     });
   },
 );*/

 return () => {
   /*stopDiscoverListener.remove();
   stopConnectListener.remove();
   stopScanListener.remove();*/
 };
 }, [])


   return (
     <View style={[styles.mainBody]}>
     <Text
           style={{
             fontSize: 30,
             textAlign: 'center',
             borderBottomWidth: 1,
           }}>
           AC BLE Terminal
         </Text>
       <ScrollView>

         {!isConnected && (
         <>

        <TouchableOpacity
                       onPress={() => startDeviceDiscovery()
                       }
                       style={[styles.deviceButton]}>
                       <Text
                         style={[
                           styles.scanButtonText,
                         ]}>
                         SCAN
                       </Text>
              </TouchableOpacity>

         {/*
         <Text>Available Devices:</Text>
         {devices.map((device) => (
           <Button
             key={device.id}
             title={device.name || 'Unnamed Device'}
             onPress={() => this.connectToDevice(device)}
           />
         ))}
         */}
         <Text>Paired Devices:</Text>
         {paired.map((pair,i) => (
                     <View key={i}
                     style={{
                       flexDirection: 'row',
                       justifyContent: 'space-between',
                       marginBottom: 2,
                     }}>
                     <View style={styles.deviceItem}>
                       <Text style={styles.deviceName}>{pair.name}</Text>
                       <Text style={styles.deviceInfo}>{pair.id}, rssi: {pair.rssi}</Text>
                     </View>
                     <TouchableOpacity
                       onPress={() =>
                         isConnected
                           ?  disconnectFromDevice(pair)
                           :  connectToDevice(pair)
                       }
                       style={styles.deviceButton}>
                       <Text
                         style={[
                           styles.scanButtonText,
                           {fontWeight: 'bold', fontSize: 12},
                         ]}>
                         {isConnected ? 'Disconnect' : 'Connect'}
                       </Text>
                     </TouchableOpacity>
                   </View>
         ))}
         </>  
         )}
         {selectedDevice && isConnected && (
           <>
             <View
                     style={{
                       flexDirection: 'row',
                       justifyContent: 'space-between',
                       margin: 5,
                     }}>
                     <View style={styles.deviceItem}>
                       <Text style={styles.deviceName}>{selectedDevice.name}</Text>
                       <Text style={styles.deviceInfo}>{selectedDevice.id}, rssi: {selectedDevice.rssi}</Text>
                     </View>
                     <TouchableOpacity
                       onPress={() =>
                         isConnected
                           ?  disconnectFromDevice(selectedDevice)
                           :  connectToDevice(selectedDevice)
                       }
                       style={styles.deviceButton}>
                       <Text
                         style={styles.scanButtonText}>
                         {isConnected ? 'Disconnect' : 'Connect'}
                       </Text>
                     </TouchableOpacity>
                   </View>

         <View
             style={{
               flexDirection: 'row',
               justifyContent: 'space-between',
               margin: 5,
             }}>        
             <TextInput
               style={{
                 backgroundColor: '#888888',
                 margin: 2,
                 borderRadius: 15,
                 flex:3,
                 }}
               placeholder="Enter a message"
               value={messageToSend}
               onChangeText={(text) => setMessageToSend(text)}
             />
             <TouchableOpacity
                       onPress={() => sendMessage()
                       }
                       style={[styles.sendButton]}>
                       <Text
                         style={[
                           styles.scanButtonText,
                         ]}>
                         SEND
                       </Text>
                     </TouchableOpacity>
       </View>
       <View
             style={{
               flexDirection: 'row',
               justifyContent: 'space-between',
               margin: 5,
             }}>
             <Text style={{textAlignVertical: 'center'}}>Received Message:</Text>
             <TouchableOpacity
                       onPress={() => readData()
                       }
                       style={[styles.deviceButton]}>
                       <Text
                         style={[
                           styles.scanButtonText,
                         ]}>
                         READ
                       </Text>
              </TouchableOpacity>
        </View>
             <TextInput
             editable = {false}
             multiline
             numberOfLines={20}
             maxLength={300}
               style={{
                 backgroundColor: '#333333',
                 margin: 10,
                 borderRadius: 2,
                 borderWidth: 1,
                 borderColor: '#EEEEEE',
                 textAlignVertical: 'top',
                 }} >
                   {receivedMessage}
             </TextInput>
             
           </>
         )}
       </ScrollView>
     </View>
   );

};//end of component

//https://medium.com/supercharges-mobile-product-guide/reactive-styles-in-react-native-79a41fbdc404
export const theme = {
  smallPhone: 0,
  phone: 290,
  tablet: 750,
  }

const windowHeight = Dimensions.get('window').height;
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
 mainBody: {
   flex: 1,
   justifyContent: 'center',
   height: windowHeight,

   ...Platform.select ({
    ios: {
      fontFamily: "Arial",
    },
    
    android: {
      fontFamily: "Roboto",

    },
  }),
 },

 scanButtonText: {
   color: 'white',
   fontWeight: 'bold',
   fontSize: 12,
   textAlign: 'center',
 },
 noDevicesText: {
   textAlign: 'center',
   marginTop: 10,
   fontStyle: 'italic',
 },
 deviceItem: {
   marginBottom: 2,
 },
 deviceName: {
   fontSize: 14,
   fontWeight: 'bold',
 },
 deviceInfo: {
   fontSize: 8,
 },
 deviceButton: {
   backgroundColor: '#2196F3',
   padding: 10,
   borderRadius: 10,
   margin: 2,
   paddingHorizontal: 20,
 },
 sendButton: {
  backgroundColor: '#2196F3',
  padding: 15,
  borderRadius: 15,
  margin: 2,
  paddingHorizontal: 20,
 },
});

export default BluetoothBLETerminal;

Sources

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